Process of veneering.



` either directly on to .surface of the veliminate this defect,

`rmr'omr c'. Hfscox, lor cHIoAeo, ILLINOIS.

PBO'QESB 0F VENEERING.

Speication' o1.' Letters Yatent.

PatentedNov. 1, i910.

Application led August 1, 1910. Serial No. 575,026.

To all whom t may' concern: v

Be it known that I, EMORY C.'Hrscoox, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the countyeof Cook and State of Illinois, have invented Aa certain new and useful Process of y Veneering, following is a specification.

rI`his invention relates to improvements in the art of veneering, and has reference more particularly to a novel` method of producing veneered or laminated boards or similar structural parts such as are extensively used by cabinet-makers in the manufacture of yarticles of high-grade furniture.

at present e.\',

In the art of veneering as tensively practiced, where a very thin veneer, say 1/28 of an inch or less, is cemented the body-board, or to an intermediate binder, the glue or' other cement employed as an adhesive is,` under the enormous pressure to which the structure is subjected, forced Iinto andthrough the pores of the veneer to such an extent as to render necessary the Washing of the outer `veneer preliminary to the finishing operations, and even then the glue shows objectionably in occasional spots and streaks on the outer surface of the veneer even after the final' dressing and polishing operations. y v

' One object of my present invention is to which I accomplish by filling the veneer from its underside with a solid material rendered plastic by mixture with a volatile vehicle, whichv material will not injure the toolsv used in the final -dressing of the outer surface 'and consequently does not require Washing of the latter, and which may be colored to. correspond substantially with the color to be given the finished surface of the veneer. Another improvement sought by the invention is to eliminate the tendency of the polished surface of the veneer to split, crack, or craze, which latter defects are mainly attributable to the character of the binder commonly used; and this object I attain through the use of a tough, grainless binder, such asy vulcanized fiber. This latter material, which is preferred for the purpose of the invention, is extremely dense, hard and tough, and ofuniform texture throughout, and is free from the natural tendencyv to split or crack, which is characteristic of the ordinary Wood bindery extensively employed, as well ,as presenting great te'nacity in the of which the direction of its thickness, so that it is not liable to split in its own lane. This lnaterial, vulcanized fiber, a so adheresl Well withl the glue or other cement employed as an adhesive; but I have discovered thatits quality for uniting perfectly with the glue or other cement is greatly enhanced by preliminarily subjectinfr it to a bath of acetic acid, as the result of5 which it forms a joint with the adhesive possessin a-degree of cohesion no less than that o the particles of the material of the binder or the veneer itself.

The genera-l object of the invention is to provide an improved process -of manufacture Whichshall' result in the production of veneered structures possessing a more perfect finish and surface appearance than any heretofore known, and less subject to deterioration through lapse of time, climatic and atmospheric conditions, and other like causes.

In carrying out my improvedmethod, I

cement to the body-board,-in the usual way, a binder which consistsv preferably of a sheet of vulcanized fiber which has preliminarily been treated in a vbath of acetic acid, the action of the acid being such as to remove all grease, dirt, and other foreign matter, and put the surface of the binder in a most favorable condition to unite thoroughly with the adhesive employed. Before applying.;`

the veneer to said binder, and in lieu of the usual glue-sizing which is commonly applied by a brus I thoroughly rub into the mner surface of the veneer a filler, ywhich must be of such a character that i-t will adhere perfectly to the glue or other cement used, may be suitably colored in imitation of the color` and shade sought for in the finished product, and will also present no obstacle to the subsequent finishing operations, such as the scrapmg and sanding of the outer surface of the veneer before the outer filler and varnish are applied, and consequently will not require the usual Washingl operatlonand subsequent drying, which operations considerably prolong the complete operation. I have found that white lead rendered plastic by mixture with a volatile vehicle, such as benzin, serves this purpose excellently; and this material colored` when necessary, by burnt Sienna, Bismarck brown,A

.or any of the known colors, is thoroughly of the veneer pores thereof.

rubbed into the inner surface penetrating and filling the 'lhc vehicle rapidly eva orates, thus leaving the wood filled with a t ry substance, which does not. cause any swelling, shrinking, or working of the fibers of the wood, and which at the same time forms with the glue a good adhesive, and, to the extent that it may penetrate to the outer surface of the veneer, presents no obstacle to the subse ucnt finishing anddressing operations, and ocs not render it necessary to wash the outer surface of the veneer before the finishing and dressing operations. The vencer thus filledis applied and adhered to the binder under pressure in the usual manner. The veneered structure f is then allowed to dry out under ordinary atmospheric temperatures; it is then, without washing, put through the usual cabinet operations of trimn'iing, scraping, and sanding; and finally the exposed surface of the vencer is subjected to some or all of the usual finishing operations consisting of filling, staining, varnishing, rubbing, polishing, and oiling off. The result is a veneered structure possessin a finished surface of great perfection an durability in respect to its appearance, and one which will remain permanently free from the defects of cracking, cra-zing, warping, and other indications of deterioration commonly seen in ordinary veneers. This superior result is due in part to the character of the binder employed; in part to the preliminary treat-nient of the binder in an acid bath; m part to the exclusion of the glue orother cement from the pores of the veneer by the solid filler that is preliminarily applied to'the inner side of the veneer before the saine is adhered to the binder; and in part to the elimination of' the washing operation. j

`o render the disclosure of .my invention fuller and more complete I have illustrated in the accompanying drawing a structure made in accordance with the present invention, Figure 1 showing the same in top plan view with the several laminations thereof broken 0H at different points'fand Fig. 2 showing a vertical longitudinal section of Fig. 1. j

In the said drawing 1 represents the body board, 2 the layer of glue or other cement applied to the surface thereof, 3 the binder consisting, as stated, of tough, dense grainsurface.

I claim:-

1. The process of manufacturing veneer-ed structures which consists in cementing a binder to the body-board, rubbing into the veneer from its inner side a plastic filler, cementing said veneer to the binder and finishing the outer side of the veneer.

2. lThe process of manufacturing veneered structures which consists in cementing a binder to the body-board, rubbing into the veneer from its inner side a plastic filler, cementing said veneer to the binder, and then, without washing, subjecting the outer surface of the veneer to the usual finishing operations.

3. The process of manufacturing veneered structures which consists in subjecting a grainless fibrous binder to an acid bath, cementing said binder to the body-board, rubbing into the veneer from its inner side a solid filling material rendered plastic by mixture with a volatile vehicle, cementi-ng said veneer to the binder, and finishing the outer side of the veneer.

4. The herein described process of manufacturing veneered structures which consists in subjecting a binder of vulcanized fiber to an acid bath, cementing said binder to the body-board, rubbing into the veneer from its inner side a white lead filler rendered plastic by mixture with a volatile vehicle, cernenting said veneer to the binder, allowing the structure to dry at atmospheric temperatures, and then, without washing, subjecting the outer surface of the veneer to the usual finishing operations.

In testimony that I claim the foregoin as -my invention, I have hereunto subscribeii my name in the presence of two witnesses.

EMORY C. HISCOCK.

lVitnesses:

SAMUEL N. POND, DAISY C. THoRsEN. 

